The third-rail powered M3 and M7 cars would be replaced by high-speed overhead catenary powered multiple unit railcars. Upgrading the entire Empire Corridor to high-speed standards would include electrification of the entire Hudson Line with overhead constant tension catenary. General Electric P32AC-DM third-rail dual-mode diesel locomotives push/pull usually six or seven Shoreliner passenger cars between Grand Central Terminal and Poughkeepsie. The M3 and M7 cars are similar to those on the Long Island Railroad in model, but have minor differences owing to different electrical and signaling systems. The M7 cars were built by Bombardier and began replacing the M1 cars between 20. M3 cars were also built by Budd between 19. The original M1 cars were built between 19. Service between Croton-Harmon and Grand Central Terminal is provided by the M3 and M7 third-rail electric multiple unit railcars which are based on the M1 Metropolitan cars built by the Budd Company. In 1983, Metro-North Railroad took control of all commuter operations in the Hudson Valley. Conrail continued to operate commuter service to Albany until 1981 when it was truncated to Poughkeepsie. Following the bankruptcy of the Penn Central, it was folded into Conrail in 1976. After a sharp decline following World War II, the New York Central merged with its former arch rival the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1968 to form Penn Central Transportation. It was renamed the New York Central Railroad in 1914. Cornelius "Commodore" Vanderbilt purchased the railroad in 1864 and merged it in 1869 with other railroads to form the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad. The Hudson River Railroad opened in 1851 connecting New York City and Albany. The line is shared with Amtrak's Empire Corridor trains which continue north to Albany and beyond. The trains operating north of Croton-Harmon are generally express trains that skip most of the lower stations. North of Croton-Harmon the line is mostly double-tracked, with a few triple-tracked areas. Most of the electrified zone has four tracks for express and local trains in each direction. South of there, it is third rail electrified where it serves suburban stations located closely together. The Croton-Harmon station divides the line into two segments. The Hudson Line is a commuter rail line operated by Metro-North Railroad running north from New York City's Grand Central Terminal to Poughkeepsie.
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